Almas Heshmati is Professor of Applied Economics in the Department of Foodand Resource Economics, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, KoreaUniversity, Seoul. He has held similar positions at the Seoul National University,the University of Kurdistan Hawler, the RATIO Institute in Sweden, and MTT Agrifood Research in Finland. He was a Research Fellow at the World Institute for Development Economics Research (WIDER), The United Nations University, during 2001–2004. From 1998 until 2001, he was an Associate Professor of Economics at the Stockholm School of Economics. He has a Ph.D. degree from the University of Gothenburg (1994), where he held a Senior Researcher position until 1998. His research interests include applied microeconomics, globalization, development strategy, the economics of energy, analysis of energy efficiency, productivity, and growth, with application to manufacturing and services. In addition to more than 90 international journal articles, he has published books on the EU Lisbon process, global income inequality, East Asian economies, the Chinese economy, technology transfer, information and telecommunication technology, management of water resources, powerplants performance, sustainability of growth and development economics.