This publication establishes doctrine (fundamental principles and TTP) for military operations in a counterinsurgency environment. It is based on existing doctrine and lessons learned from recent combat operations. To make this text useful to leaders involved in counterinsurgency operations regardless of where these operations may occur, the doctrine contained herein is broad in scope and involves principles applicable to various AOs. This is not focused on any region or country. Insurgencies have some common characteristics, but their ideological basis may vary widely. Fundamental to all counterinsurgencies is the need to help local authorities establish safety, security, and stability, because insurgents thrive on chaos and instability. This publication uses the term insurgent to describe those taking part in any activity designed to undermine or to overthrow the established authorities.