Discover research-based tips and strategies to improve literacy in upper elementary and middle school classrooms. Teachers, preteachers, and teacher preparation institutions will find this an invaluable resource for helping students master assignments in reading, writing, speaking, and listening, as encouraged by the Common Core State Standards. Topics include teaching close reading and writing, engaging students, making literacy instruction meaningful, and more. Benefits - Engage students in cognitive conversations around speaking, writing, and reading. - Transform students into independent thinkers and questioners. - Buoy rigorous instruction by embedding it in a supportive, engaging environment. - Communicate concepts like narrative, perspective, and metaphor. - Encourage and model questioning. - Use soft skills and novelty to reach reluctant students.