Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is difficult to diagnose because there are no visible signs or symptoms that specialists can detect through physical exams, imaging scans, or lab testing.

People with IBS are frequently misdiagnosed because their symptoms coincide with those of a variety of other digestive illnesses. Diverticulitis, colon cancer, intestinal blockage, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, gastrointestinal infection, celiac disease, and lactose intolerance are all common causes of IBS.

Because IBS is more typically diagnosed in those under the age of 50, older people must first rule out the possibility that another disease that affects the elderly is causing their symptoms. A doctor will gather information about your medical history, do a physical examination, and request blood tests.

A colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy should be performed on older people to rule out the risk of colorectal polyps, cancer, or colitis. If your IBS symptoms include primarily diarrhea or an alternating pattern of diarrhea and constipation, you should also have a blood test for celiac disease. If your symptoms increase when you eat dairy products, your doctor may order a lactose intolerance breath test.

To diagnose IBS, two of the following three criteria must be met once your doctor establishes that your abdomen pain is not caused by a physical abnormality:

- Regular bowel motions help to relieve pain.

- Constipation or diarrhea accompany the pain.

- Pain is linked to a change in stool consistency (watery, loose, or pellet-like).

For at least three months, these symptoms must be have been present all of the time or on occasion.

IBS Treatment 

IBS treatment focuses on alleviating the most unpleasant symptoms once it has been diagnosed:

Constipation-predominant IBS

The Food and Drug Administration of the United States approved a new type of prescription drug for constipation-predominant IBS in 2012. In clinical trials, people who took the medicine linaclotide (Linzess) on a daily basis had more spontaneous bowel movements and less abdominal pain than those who took a placebo.

Linaclotide induces the colon to produce higher levels of an enzyme called guanylate cyclase-C, which is thought to speed up gastrointestinal transit and reduce the activity of pain-sensing neurons. Linzess should be taken at least 30 minutes before eating once a day. Diarrhea was the most common side effect documented throughout clinical studies. Patients under the age of 17 should not be given this medication.

The prescription laxative lubiprostone is another option for people suffering from constipation-related IBS (Amitiza). This selective C-2 chloride-channel activator was approved in 2008 and helps increase bowel motions by initiating chloride secretion into the intestine. Nausea, diarrhea, and headaches are major adverse effects of Amitiza, which are taken twice a day.

Antidepressants known as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as fluoxetine (Prozac), can help with abdominal pain and other symptoms associated with constipation-predominant IBS. Food transit speed via the gastrointestinal tract is hypothesized to be increased by SSRIs.

Tegaserod (Zelnorm), a previously approved prescription medicine for women with constipation-predominant IBS, was pulled off the market in 2007 due to dangerous cardiovascular adverse effects and is now only available in emergency cases.

Diarrhea-predominant IBS

Loperamide (Imodium), an over-the-counter antidiarrheal drug, is an effective treatment for reducing stool frequency and improving regularity. On the other hand, it has no effect on abdominal pain or bloating.

By slowing food transit through the gastrointestinal system, low-dose tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) like desipramine (Norpramin) alleviate pain and symptoms of diarrhea-predominant IBS.

Alosetron (Lotronex), a prescription medicine, has been demonstrated to alleviate symptoms in women with diarrhea-predominant IBS, but it comes with a risk of major side effects, such as severe constipation and decreased blood supply to the colon. It is only given to women with severe diarrhea-predominant IBS who have failed to respond to more standard medications through a unique prescription program.

Constipation/diarrhea-predominant IBS

Psychological therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, dynamic psychotherapy, and hypnosis, have also been shown to provide some relief with IBS symptoms, whether they are constipation- or diarrhea-predominant.

Mindfulness training, a type of meditation defined by the nonjudgmental observation of thoughts, feelings, and sensations, has been shown to help persons with IBS reduce symptom severity and enhance the quality of life.

Global brain tumor diagnosis and therapeutics market size are anticipated to reach USD 773.1 million by 2025. A brain tumor could be defined as an uncontrolled and abnormal proliferation of cells in the brain. The factors that propel the growth of the brain tumor diagnosis and therapeutics industry include increasing requirement of treatment for symptoms related to brain metastasis, advancement in R&D technologies, increased occurrence of cancer that spread to the brain, discoveries in novel drug transfer to brain tumor cells, increasing the competence of diagnosis, increasing awareness among population.

On the other hand, there are factors that could hamper the growth of the market including side effects associated with the chemotherapy and high cost of treatment. Brain tumor diagnosis & therapeutics market are anticipated to expand at a significant CAGR of 8.1% in the upcoming period as the scope, product types, and its applications are increasing across the globe.

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Brain tumor diagnosis and therapeutics industry could be explored by product type, diagnostic type, treatment type, end user, and geography. The industry could be explored by product type as Secondary Brain Tumor and Primary Brain Tumor (Gliomas, Meningioma, Pituitary Tumors, Astrocytoma’s and Others). The “Secondary Brain Tumor” segment led the brain tumor diagnosis and therapeutics market in 2017 and is anticipated to maintain its dominance by 2025. The key factors that may be attributed to the growth of market includes an increase in brain tumor incidences and CNS-related cancers in regions.  Based on diagnostic type, the brain tumor diagnosis and therapeutics industry could span EEG, MRI, Molecular Testing, CT Scan, PET-CT Scan, and Others. The “CT Scan” segment led the brain tumor diagnosis & therapeutics market in 2016 and is anticipated to maintain its dominance by 2025. The market could be explored based on treatment type as Immunotherapy, Surgery, Targeted Therapy, Radiation Therapy, and Chemotherapy. The “Chemotherapy” segment led the brain tumor diagnosis & therapeutics industry in 2017 and is anticipated to maintain its dominance by 2025. The key factor that may be attributed to the growth of the market include the presence of a huge research pipeline by the industry players. The market could be explored by the end user as Individual Pharmacies, Hospital Pharmacies, and Ambulatory Surgical Centers.

North America accounted for the major market share of the brain tumor diagnosis and therapeutics in 2016 and will continue to lead in the forecast period. The factors that could be attributed to the growth include established healthcare infrastructure coupled with increasing consciousness regarding progressive technologies amongst the population in this region. Furthermore, increasing consumer disposable income supported by healthcare reimbursement and insurance policies in the U.S. is anticipated to spur development. North America is followed by the European region owing to growing government initiatives and increasing brain tumor cases.

Some of the key players that fuel the growth of the brain tumor diagnosis and therapeutics market comprise Bristol Myers Squibb, Genentech U.S.A, AstraZeneca plc, Hoffmann- La Roche, Pfizer, Inc., Antisense Pharma, Novartis AG, Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd, Macleods Pharmaceutical Limited, Merck & Co, and Mankind Pharma. The leading companies are taking up partnerships, mergers and acquisitions, and joint ventures in order to boost the inorganic growth of the industry.

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How to Go on a True Mental Detox

Learning how to continue the true mental detoxification involves organizing your mind to increase the feeling of peace and comfort. With an age of technology, social media, and mindsets on the go, achieving true peace of mind, where you feel relaxed and rejuvenated, can sometimes be very difficult. With so much void filling in your mind or the feeling that you cannot stop your mind, you may feel more anxious or anxious. Keep reading to learn how to keep your mental detoxification going.

Be intentional

With so much to do in so little time, it is easy to forget your motivation and purpose for doing certain things. Learning how to continue your mental detoxification should include increasing intent with every step you take. Establishing your intention at the start of each day and before entering into any activity or decision can help you think more clearly. It can remind you of your goals and help organize your thoughts as you move forward.

Get active

Removing yourself from your natural environment can be a great tool when learning how to eliminate mental toxins. Getting outside in a calm environment can help you feel connected to the world around you. Staying active and healthy can help you achieve higher energy levels to achieve your goals with less stress and anxiety.

Use less technology

Technology and social media are two of the biggest culprits in our cluttering, disorganized, and caring minds when learning how to keep detoxing true mental toxins. The need to continuously perform, receive attention, or engage in an activity can make it difficult for us to achieve true relief. While lying down or looking for something to do on your day off, try to avoid social media or even take pictures of everything you do. By doing this, you can begin to learn how to proceed with mental detoxification and feel truly present.

Meditation / prayer

A great way to focus yourself is to spend time practicing meditation or prayer depending on your background. Focusing on healthy breathing patterns and positive self-affirmations can be a great way to find your focus and teach you how to keep detoxing your true mind. A regular meditation or prayer regimen can help you find ways to stay calm throughout your daily life.

Express your eating

Keeping things in your mind can lead to rapidly rising levels of anxiety or other serious mental health issues. Finding ways to vent or articulate the things that frustrate you healthily can help you free these things from your mind. While it is okay to vent about someone you trust, something as simple as a "junk journal" can be a very healthy way to dispel the frustration of learning how to proceed with true mental detoxification.

Self reflect

Spending time thinking about yourself and deciding what is important to you is valuable when learning how to continue to detoxify your true mind. Set aside time during the week to evaluate the relationships, things, activities, and environments that carry an emotional and mental weight in your life. Take your analysis and use it to identify things that you may need to release in order to achieve happiness or peace.

Consider treatment

While many of these steps can be very helpful in your search for clarity and mental peace, there is only so much you can do. Partnering with a mental health provider and going into therapy is one of the best ways to learn how to move forward with mental detoxification. By working with a professional, you can learn new ways to approach key areas of your life and work through busy areas of your mind.

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