This is a book about baseball’s true “replacement players.” During the four seasons the U.S. was at war in World War II (1942-45), 533 players made their major-league debuts. There were 67 first-time major leaguers under 21 (Joe Nuxhall the youngest at 15). More than 60 percent of the players in the 1941 Opening Day lineups departed for the service. The 1944 Dodgers had only Dixie Walker and Mickey Owen from their 1941 pennant-winning team. The owners brought in not only first-timers but also oldsters. Hod Lisenbee pitched 80 innings for the Reds in 1945 at the age of 46. He had last pitched in the major leagues in 1936. War veteran and former POW Bert Shepard, with an artificial leg, pitched in one game for the 1945 Senators, and one-armed outfielder Pete Gray played for the St. Louis Browns. The war years featured firsts and lasts. The St. Louis Browns won their first (and last) pennant in 1944 — a team that featured 13 players classified as 4-F. The Cubs appeared in the 1945 World Series but have not made it back since. Some 53 members of the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) have contributed to this volume. We invite you to sit back and relax as you learn Who's on First? Includes contributions by: Alan Cohen, Ashlie Christian And Armand Peterson, Bill Nowlin, Bob Brady, Bob Lemoine, Bob Mayer, Bob Webster, Charles Faber, Charlie Weatherby, Chris Rainey, Cort Vitty, David Finoli, David M. Jordan, David Raglin And Barb Mantegani, David W. Pugh, Don Zminda, Duke Goldman, Greg Erion, Gregg Omoth, Gregory H. Wolf, J. G. Preston, James D. Smith, Iii, Jay Hurd, Jeff Marlett, Jeff Obermeyer, Jim Sweetman, Joanne Hulbert, John Shannahan, Leslie Heaphy, Lyle Spatz, Marc Lancaster, Marc Z Aaron, Mark S. Sternman, Mel Marmer, Merrie A. Fidler, Michael Huber, Michael Huber And Rachel Hamelers, Mike Mcclary, Peter C. Bjarkman, Rex Hamann, Rich Bogovich, Richard Cuicchi, Richard Moraski, Rory Costello And Lou Hernández, Seamus Kearney, Sidney Davis, Steve Smith, Thomas Ayers, Tom Hawthorn, Walter Leconte Partial Table of Contents: The Business of Baseball 
During World War II “But Where is Pearl Harbor?” Baseball and the Day the World Changed, December 7, 1941 The Tri-Cornered War Bond Baseball Game NATIONAL LEAGUE Boston Braves How the Boston Braves Survived the War But Lost the Battle for Boston Ben Cardoni Buck Etchison Butch Nieman Mystery Member of the ‘45 Braves Brooklyn Dodgers John “Fats” D’Antonio Bill Hart Lee Pfund Chicago Cubs Jorge Comellas Billy Holm Walter Signer Cincinnati Reds Tomás de la Cruz Buck Fausett Dick Sipek New York Giants Al Gardella Frank Seward Roy Zimmerman Philadelphia Phillies Chet Covington Hilly Flitcraft Lee Riley Pittsburgh Pirates Xavier Rescigno Len Gilmore Frankie Zak St. Louis Cardinals Jack Creel Gene Crumling Bob Keely AMERICAN LEAGUE Boston Red Sox The Red Sox in Wartime Otey Clark Ty LaForest Stan Partenheimer The Frostbite League: Spring Training 1943 - 1945 The 1944 Red Sox: What Could Have Been Chicago White Sox The White Sox in Wartime Vince Castino Guy Curtright Floyd Speer Cleveland Indians World War II and the Cleveland Indians Otto Denning Jim McDonnell Mickey Rocco Detroit Tigers The Tigers in Wartime Chuck Hostetler Bobby Maier Charlie Metro New York Yankees The Yankees in Wartime Joe Buzas Mike Garbark Bud Metheny Philadelphia Athletics The Wartime Philadelphia Athletics Orie Arntzen Jim Tyack Woody Wheaton St. Louis Browns The St. Louis Browns in World War II Milt Byrnes Charley Fuchs Pete Gray Washington Senators The Washington Senators in Wartime Ed Butka Jug Thesenga Tony Zardón Senators Who Died in Combat OTHER ESSAYS The All-Star Games in the War Years Wartime Baseball: Minor Leagues, Major Changes (San Diego to Buffalo) Impact of WWII on the Negro Leagues Baseball’s Women on the Field During WWII In-season Exhibition Games During Wartime The Double Victory Campaign and the Campaign to Integrate Baseball