There are two ways to explain what acupuncture is - the first uses Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), and the other explains it with the western school of thought using biomedical functions. Traditional acupuncture works by presenting it through the channel theory: qi energy travelling in pathways called meridians throughout the body. Qi is often mistranslated as ‘vital force’, which isn’t the right translation, as acupuncture is not an energy healing therapy. A better interpretation of what the ancient Chinese meant would be oxygen in the vessels, as qi means air or breath. The basic foundations of acupuncture and TCM is that a lack of qi and blood not reaching a certain area of the body leads to ailments and pain.
Sometimes, due to certain lifestyles and environmental reasons, the flow of qi can become disrupted or even blocked, resulting in pain and illness symptoms. In some cases, traditional acupuncture can be great therapy in restoring balance and promoting emotional and physical harmony. At its simplest, acupuncture is the practice of inserting extremely fine, sterile needles into acupuncture points. Acupuncturists believe that stimulating the qi in the meridians signals the body’s immune system and enables it to resolve the condition.
How does it work?
Despite some excellent research being done to answer how acupuncture works precisely, there are no clear and straightforward answers at this time. This is mainly because acupuncture has many therapeutic effects on the body, so its action depends on the pathology involved. Pain and pain relief is the area in which the most research was done, so most of the theories regarding acupuncture have to do with pain relief issues.
The most popular of all modern scientific explanations on the subject is that inserting needles in acupuncture points stimulates the nervous system to release pain-relieving substances. Nerve fibres travel from the acupuncture points to the spinal cord, and from there, they move on to the brainstem and the hypothalamus-pituitary gland. The stimulation of these areas in the brain and the spinal cord ends up releasing neurotransmitters, such as endorphins, causing inhibition in the nerve pain fibres. Animal studies showed that acupuncture might alter the release of various hormones and neurotransmitters. These affect the parts of the central nervous system relating to sensation and involuntary functions, such as blood pressure, immune reactions, blood flow and body temperature.
Where did it originate from?
Acupuncture is a traditional Chinese medicine system that dates back over 2000 years. Since then, different opinions, theories and techniques have developed various styles apart from the conventional style of TCM diagnosis and treatment. The traditional Chinese style is the father of acupuncture, a source from which all other types of acupuncture have branched out ever since. That includes the Japanese style, Korean hand technique, Five Elements, French auricular (ear acupuncture) and more.
What can it help with?
In western medicine, acupuncture is almost entirely identified as a treatment for pain management. Though this is true, many people turn to acupuncture to relieve particular pains, like osteoarthritis and more. More and more people realise that the uses of acupuncture can explore treating the whole person, rather than specific symptoms such as pains and ailments. Traditional acupuncture may help if you have a particular type of symptom or condition but also if you feel general unwellness with no obvious diagnosis. It can be used if you want to maintain good health, as a preventative measure or if you're going to improve your general sense of wellbeing.