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text 2021-07-13 16:16
PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

The human body is created astonishingly. Every part and system is precise and perfect in performing its desired functions. Blood is one of the core bases of life. If the blood functioning is disrupted due to any reason, then the consequences can be very severe, chronic, and sometimes fatal. The associated blood diseases sometimes tend to follow a genetic or inherited pattern. The blood abnormality we are about to discuss today is strictly genetic and can be fatal at times.

 

WHAT IS SICKLE CELL ANEMIA:

 

Sickle Cell Anemia or Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a blood disease following a genetic trial. In this disease, the regular disc shape of the Erythrocytes becomes abnormal sickle or crescent-shaped. The erythrocytes, due to irregular shape transformation, find it difficult to pass the blood vessels. It also affects the oxygen-carrying capacity of the Red Blood Corpuscles.

The sickle-shaped Erythrocytes become rigid and prone to getting stuck in the blood vessels causing cytological and histological damages within the body.

 

SYMPTOMS OF SICKLE CELL ANEMIA:

 

Every medical abnormality is followed by sure signs and symptoms that help in diagnosing the disease. Following the same, the prime symptoms that help in identifying sickle cell anemia are given below:

 

  • Hemolysis: 

Rapid destruction of erythrocytes. 

 

  • Optic Dysfunction:

The patient is observed to suffer from an incurable vision problem as the tiny optic vessels get plugged, causing damages to the retina and the vision automatically.

 

  • Adema:

Swelling and over swelling of hands and feet mainly. In cases, swelling is observed on the whole body.

 

  • Jaundice:

The eyes and skin turn yellow, followed by weakness.

 

  • Frequent Infections

The patient suffers from infection frequently, which ends up weakening the immune system of the patient. Damage of the spleen causes fatal and chronic conditions in the patient.

 

  • Anemia:

Due to the rapid destruction of the erythrocytes, the patient suffers from anemic critical conditions. It is one of the significant symptoms of sickle cell anemia.

 

CAUSES OF SICKLE CELL ANEMIA:

 

  • Genetic Cause:

Sickle cell anemia is caused by the mutation in the gene that is responsible for carrying the relevant genetic information about the production of hemoglobin (the iron-rich compound that gives the blood its red color, enabling the erythrocytes to carry the oxygen from the lungs throughout the human body.

 

  • Congenital Cause:

The transferring of the mutated gene is also in the body of the fetus,

 

MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS OF SICKLE CELL ANEMIA: 

 

Acute Chest Syndrome:

The life-threatening condition in which the sickle cell erythrocytes block the blood vessels of the lungs causing difficulty in breathing. Sometimes it may lead to Pneumonitis (inflammation in the lungs).

 

Leg Ulcer:

Swelling is observed on the entire body, including the legs and hands particularly. This condition is termed a leg ulcer.

 

Organ damage:

Lack of oxygen-rich blood in the organs causes dysfunction of the organs, including kidney, liver, spleen, etc. In many observed cases, the deficiency of oxygen-rich blood had been fatal to the patients. 

 

Eye abnormalities:

Blockage in the eye vessels of the body can cause severe damages to the visions and visuals of the patient.

 

Neurological Complications:

Oxygen-Rich blood is most important for the proper functioning of our brain. The deficiency of oxygen can cause severe damages to the brain resulting in epilepsy, seizures, and strokes. 

 

Sometimes the patient is observed to slip into a comma. All of these abnormalities are caused by the blockage of the brain.

 

Delayed Growth:

The retardation of physical growth is observed in the children specifically. It is a possibility that the children face delayed development in their childhood, but they might retain their growth usually in their adulthood.

 

Sex maturation is also an evidential complication observed as a consequence of sickle cell anemia.

 

LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS:

Blood Tests:

As sickle cell anemia is a blood-associated disease, so blood diagnosis is the best cheap and reliable test to diagnose the condition.

 

  • CBC or Complete Blood Count:

 

Helps in estimating the count of erythrocytes in the blood. Decreased amount of RBCs proves that the patient is facing some severe hemolytic effects.

 

  • Blood Smears:

 

The formation of blood smears aids in estimating the average and contracted number of cells circulating in the blood.

 

  • Sickle solubility test:

 

This test helps graph the concentration of hemoglobin (Hb) in the blood. Decreased concentration will increase the possibility of the disease.

 

TREATMENT:

 

Bone Marrow Transplant:

 

Sickle cell anemia is difficult to treat with drugs and medications. The most effective way to cure this disorder of blood is a bone marrow transplant. As the disease causes hemolysis (destruction of RBCs), bone marrow transplant will aid in the formation of new blood cells decreasing the destructions of the cells.

 

Medications to increase fetal hemoglobin:

 

Droxia and Hydrea help in increasing the fetal hemoglobin in the body.

Sickle cell anemia can be fatal and can cause death if not treated on time. You can get many resources like Researchomatic, Wikipedia, etc from where you can get more details about the said topic.

Source: www.researchomatic.com/sickle-cell-anemia-icon-of-evolution-158753.html
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text 2020-01-06 13:30
The Art of Texting in a Relationship

 

Gone are those days when people in love wrote letters and love notes. These beautifully written notes expressed a thousand feelings. Lovers used to spend a long enough time to write those letters so that their spouse could receive the same intensity of emotions that they wish to express. And the most romantic part of this medium of conversation was the wait for the letters.

 

Love might still be the same in modern times, but the mode of communication has changed. Letters are now replaced by instant messages that don’t make you wait. That does no way mean that communication has become simpler. With advanced technology, communicating with your loved ones has become complicated and challenging to understand. Every text message that we send could have a hundred different interpretations depending on who is reading. This has made texting an art that one needs to understand to succeed in relationships. These are some of the factors that affect the psychology of modern age conversation with your partner.

 

First Move

You met someone at a party, and you instantly connect with the person. You even exchange numbers with the promise to stay in touch. But then comes the million-dollar question. Who makes the first move? Often the first move is at the risk of being judged as too soon. Or men are generally expected to make the early initiative. These are some old stereotyped guidelines that you need not follow. Whenever or whoever feels like can make the first move of texting the other. You never know, a single text could be the chance to meet your soulmate.

 

Time Taken to Reply

When you receive a text from your partner, how soon should you respond? Do you instantly reply, or do you wait to show your importance? How soon is too soon? The three dots of typing and a blue tick for delivered messages can bring up a wave of thoughts in your mind. While one takes time to reply to the text, the other might feel neglected. This could be a ground for misunderstanding that could bring problems in your relationship.

 

Engaging Messages

What message to send to keep the interest of the opposite person alive in the conversation is the next enigma. In a face to face communication, you can see the other person's expression and talk accordingly. But while texting, you can only assume that your mate is interested in your conversation.

 

Misinterpretation of Words

Some sentences can have a variety of meanings. A phrase that you usually use could be disrespectful for the other. A sarcastic or funny statement could hurt the other's feelings if not conveyed rightly. This makes it essential that we chose our words correctly before constructing a text. In a live conversation, you get a chance to understand the reaction of your statements, but in a text message, it is challenging to understand the reception of your words.

 

Dating these days has become a well-laid game with predetermined rules and regulations. Who texts first and when to reply to those texts are all calculated decisions. Anxiety and anticipation are at their best when we are texting our partners. But we often forget that relationships need freedom. For a successful relationship, one should freely express themselves while conversing. Also, attempt to understand each other emotions while communicating.

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text 2019-12-21 09:35
You Have The Healing Power of Human Connections

 

Isolation is considered a punishment since the evolution of humanity. Even today a criminal is kept away from the society trapped behind the bars as suffering for his offense. This practice is based on the concept that human beings are interdependent. We need each other to share feelings, fears, and happiness. Human Connections are essential for our existence. Cutting off Human connections from our life makes us lonely.

 

The power of human connection is introduced to us since our childhood.

An infant often cries for attention, to be held or to be loved. Human connections begin building from there. In school days when we were scolded by our teacher, we often run to our parents for consolation. Just talking to them helps us feel better. That is the true healing power of Human Connections. Gradually, these connections become the psychological needs that remain with us throughout our life.

 

A very small instance of the need for human connection can be seen in a dark scary place. Whenever we are scared to enter a place, we need someone with us to hold our hands. It does not help in getting rid of the fear but helps us in facing it. Alone the same place becomes scarier comparatively.  We emerge stronger when people stand by our side to support us.

 

Even within our social groups, we witness many examples of this healing power. When someone is cheated in a relationship or losses a dear one, he or she is heartbroken. A friend can hug and console to make them feel better immediately. Also, when you are feeling low in life, a conversation with your friend can cheer you up.

 

Human connections have been our healing powers all our lives. In recent times a large number of people have started complaining of loneliness and the feeling of being left out. They feel disconnected from society or find it difficult to interact. They could be among your peers or colleagues. They could also be your family members that you have been ignoring. Your healing power of human connection can help them feel better and emerge out of loneliness. Here are some simple things you can do every day for deeper and more meaningful connections with people around you.

 

  • Take out time for people that you love. Even if you have a busy schedule, adjust some time for your friends and family. Show them that they are equally important.
  • Have a meaningful conversation with the people around you. Listen to them with interest and without judging them.
  • Have a deeper understanding of each other in all your relationships. Make each other feel special by putting in efforts to make the other happy.
  • Offer companionship to people facing social anxiety. If a new person has joined your office or has recently shifted in your neighborhood, welcome them to your group or community.
  • Have empathy for people going through depression. Be there for them, talk to them and show them that you care.
  • Accept people with their weaknesses as none of us are perfect. Understand each other to build stronger and long-lasting relationships.
  • Smile whenever and wherever you meet people. Your smile could cheer up someone who is feeling low.

 

The more positive energy you give out, the more you receive. If you stand by someone at their low times, there is a higher chance that they will stand by you when you need them. This interdependence helps in forming a stronger community.

Source: www.nehagajwani.com
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text 2019-07-30 10:40
Know the Future Growth of Global Plant Physiology Assay Kit Market

30-July-19 In the context of China-US trade war and global economic volatility and uncertainty, it will have a big influence on this market. Plant Physiology Assay Kit Report by Material, Application, and Geography - Global Forecast to 2023 is a professional and comprehensive research report on the world's major regional market conditions, focusing on the main regions (North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific) and the main countries (United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, South Korea and China).

In this report, the global Plant Physiology Assay Kit market is valued at USD XX million in 2019 and is projected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2023, growing at a CAGR of XX% during the period 2019 to 2023.

Access the Case Study @  https://www.radiantinsights.com/research/global-plant-physiology-assay-kit-market-research-report-2019-2023/request-sample

The report firstly introduced the Plant Physiology Assay Kit basics: definitions, classifications, applications and market overview; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures, raw materials and so on. Then it analyzed the world's main region market conditions, including the product pricae, profit, capacity, production, supply, demand and market growth rate and forecast etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.

The major players profiled in this report include:

  • Company A
  • Company B
  • Company C



The end users/applications and product categories analysis:
On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue (Million USD), product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into-

  • Type I
  • Type II



On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Plant Physiology Assay Kit for each application, including-

  • Application I
  • Application II



Table of Contents

Part I Plant Physiology Assay Kit Industry Overview

Chapter One Plant Physiology Assay Kit Industry Overview
1.1 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Definition
1.2 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Classification Analysis
1.2.1 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Main Classification Analysis
1.2.2 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Main Classification Share Analysis
1.3 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Application Analysis
1.3.1 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Main Application Analysis
1.3.2 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Main Application Share Analysis
1.4 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Industry Chain Structure Analysis
1.5 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Industry Development Overview

Chapter Two Plant Physiology Assay Kit Up and Down Stream Industry Analysis
2.1 Upstream Raw Materials Analysis
2.1.1 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost
2.1.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure of Plant Physiology Assay Kit Analysis
2.2 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.1 Down Stream Market Analysis
2.2.2 Down Stream Demand Analysis
2.2.3 Down Stream Market Trend Analysis

Read the in depth blog titled @ https://www.radiantinsights.com/research/global-plant-physiology-assay-kit-market-research-report-2019-2023

Part II Asia Plant Physiology Assay Kit Industry (The Report Company Including the Below Listed But Not All)

Chapter Three Asia Plant Physiology Assay Kit Market Analysis
3.1 Asia Plant Physiology Assay Kit Product Development History
3.2 Asia Plant Physiology Assay Kit Competitive Landscape Analysis
3.3 Asia Plant Physiology Assay Kit Market Development Trend

Chapter Four 2014-2019 Asia Plant Physiology Assay Kit Productions Supply Sales Demand Market Status and Forecast
4.1 2014-2019 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Production Overview
4.2 2014-2019 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Production Market Share Analysis
4.3 2014-2019 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Demand Overview
4.4 2014-2019 Plant Physiology Assay Kit Supply Demand and Shortage

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

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review 2014-03-21 00:00
Plant Physiology
Plant Physiology - Lincoln Taiz Nice graphics!
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